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GIFPUB (c) Copr. 1988-89 Lawrence Gozum & Marvin Gozum
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
User Manual
DISCLAIMER
This product is distributed AS IS. The authors specifically disclaim
all warranties ,expressed or implied, including ,but not limited to,
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
purpose with respect to defects in the diskette and documentation, and
program license granted herein, in particular, and without limiting
operation of the program license with respect to any particular
application use or purpose. In no event shall the authors be liable
for any loss of profit or any other commercial damage including but
not limited to special, incidental, consequential or other damages.
LICENSING AGREEMENT
You may use this program on a TRIAL BASIS only; this means that you
may freely evaluate the usefulness of this program for 10 DAY TRIAL
PERIOD. Should you find this program useful, you must register it
(see last section of this manual). You will then be provided with
the latest releases of applications that will run on your system.
You may freely distribute copies of this program in its UNMODIFIED
state provided you do not include it in other software packages, with
the exception of distributing it as part of a bundle of Public Domain
or shareware programs on a single diskette. You may not charge more
that $3.50 for copying and/or distributing this program in the absence
of recognized Users Group guidelines (e.g., Association of Shareware
Professionals or New York Amateur Computer Club)
WHAT IS GIFPUB ?
GIFPUB is a conversion utility that converts the colored GIF pictures
and any of the following listed below to a dithered (Floyd-Steinberg)
Black & White image and save it to a .PCX (ZSoft) file for use in
First Publisher, Ventura Publisher, Publisher's Paintbrush, and PC
Paintbrush+; if the file is renamed to .PCC you can also import the
file in Aldus Pagemaker.
1) ANY colored GIF picture (4 colors and up recommended), with any
size (up to 2048 x 2048 x 256) - NO VIDEO REQUIRED WITH GIF pics.
2) ANY VIEWABLE VGA/MCGA 320x200x256 picture captured with VGACAP;
3) VGACAD pictures;
4) 16-color pictures converted to 320x200x256 with EGA2VGA;
5) Colorized/converted MacPaint (READMACs) with MAC2GIF.
GIFPUB is graphics card independent - NO VIDEO CARD IS NECESSARY. You
can save and load images without viewing them. For viewing, GIFPUB
supports video modes in CGA (640x200), Hercules (720x348), EGA
(640x350), VGA (640x480) AND Extended EGA or SuperVGA (to 2KB x 2KB).
GIFPUB converts your colored pictures to 256 grey shades on a 64 grey
scale continuum; you can adjust the brightness and contrast levels
through sophisticated Grey Scale Skewing (Brightness Adjustment) and
Histogram-based Contrast Stretching algorithms.
GIFPUB use the Floyd-Steinberg algorithm for dithering pictures; this
error-distributed technique provides the illusion of a continuous grey
scale limited only by your printer or video resolution. As such,
having the "sister-utility", GIFDOT, would help you determine the
printed image quality before you "set" it on your document. Since
this method allows very fine grey shades to "appear", it doesn't take
kindly to resizing. GIFPUB supports resizing of any image, while
maintaining the aspect ration in ANY video mode (including Extended
EGA and SuperVGA); this way you can be confident of the image you will
integrate and have the best possible rendering for what ever size you
choose to include in your document.
WHAT IS VGACAP ?
VGACAP is a terminate-stay-resident (TSR) utility that allows you to
capture the 256 color palette and screen in the 320x200x256 color mode
and save both the palette and screen in "Bloadable" formats. VGACAP's
main purpose is to capture and "Bsave" the pictures of commercial and
Shareware viewing/painting/graphics/CAD programs.
VGACAD (one of the first 256 color paint/CAD shareware programs
distributed in the Public domain) will load the captured pictures for
extensive image processing and editing.
REQUIREMENTS
NO VIDEO CARD REQUIRED FOR USING GIFPUB. We are stating that about
512KB of memory is required, although it uses about half of that.
You MUST have a VGA or MCGA adaptor (at least BIOS compatible) present
and an analog monitor to use VGACAP. VGACAP uses less than 2K of your
available memory !
HOW TO USE VGACAP
Run VGACAP before entering your painting/CAD or digitized picture
viewer. Press <ALT-F10>, while viewing your picture in any
drawing/paint/CAD program. Your current screen and palette will be
saved in your default drive and directory in the standard Bsave format
for all BASIC programs.
The first time you run the program it will save your screen and
palette to SCREEN00.BLD and SCREEN00.PLT respectively. If there is an
existing SCREENxx.BLD or SCREENxx.PLT file, then it will increment to
the next higher number. You can use your favorite memory managers to
remove this TSR or reboot to release it from memory.
Note: When in DOS or using a picture viewer (e.g., PICEM, VPIC,
VGAGIF) or application which requires a keypress to continue, it
is necessary to hit another key after hitting the 'HOTKEY'.
LOADING PICTURES INTO GIFPUB
Two formats are accepted by GIFDOT: GIF and BLD/PLT files; At the
start of the program, you will be prompted to select [G]IF or [B]LD
files to to selected or [Q]uit if you forgot the filename.
When loading GIF pictures, if you have a VGA/MCGA card, GIFPUB will
display the picture as it decodes it and show its conversion to a 256
grey scale picture. All other cards will load in memory; GIFPUB
automatically senses if you have a VGA/MCGA or SuperVGA card.
All pictures are interpolated to a 320x200 size. As such, LARGE
SuperVGA GIF files (e.g., 640x480x256, 800x600x256 and 1024x768x256)
are interpolated to 320x200x256; succeeding updates will take
advantage of the rich color information in LARGE GIFs by creating
virtual disk buffers. SQZGIF is recommended for LARGE GIF pictures to
retain more color information for better printing results.
16-color EGA/EEGA/VGA pictures will also be interpolated; it is highly
recommended that you use EGA2VGA to process such pictures before
loading into GIFPUB. 2-color pictures will have very poor results
since there is not much grey information to create nice dithering
patterns from; these are mostly in a dithered form to begin with. Use
MAC2GIF if you want to process MacPaint pictures with GIFPUB.
You can select any filename by moving a highlighted bar (with the
arrow keys) and pressing the <return> key. Pressing <Spc> allows you
to select a different PATH, while <Esc> exits. When selecting a *.BLD
file, be sure it has a corresponding *.PLT file or a error message
will result.
PATHs MUST end with a backslash character "\" or your specified PATH
will be rejected (an error beep will result). The following are legal
PATH examples:
"A:\"
"B:\"
"C:\GIF\"
"D:\GIF\VGA\LARGE\"
Every captured picture, VGACAD picture, converted EGA2VGA or SSQZGIF
or MAC2GIF picture will have two files: the screen and palette. The
extension .BLD stands for BLoaD and .PLT for PaLetTe.
THE MAIN MENU
After successful loading of your picture (a LARGE GIF may take 1-2
minutes to load and interpolate) you will see this:
[C]GA 640x200
[E]GA 640x350
[V]GA 640x480
[H]GC 720x348
[X]tended EGA (EEGA) NNNNxNNNN
[S]uperVGA (SVGA) NNNNxNNNN
[7]Video7 (SVGA) NNNNxNNNN
[F]ile (no viewing) NNNNxNNNN
[A]nalyze Histogram
[B]rightness Threshold NNNNxNNNN
[K]ontrast Threshold NNNNxNNNN
[R]estore Screen
[N]ew Picture
[Q]uit
Simply select the letter to initiate that function or option.
CONTRAST STRETCHING & ENHANCEMENT
[K] - Contrast Stretching is performed using a "histogram" of your
pixel value distribution. Each pixel can have a grey value 0 to 255
which corresponds to each of the colors 0 to 255.
This function equalizes the distribution of grey scales to evenly span
the range of grey values from 0 to 255. For example, a typically
unequalized image may have the following distribution of pixels. The
low and high bins are the edges of the histogram distribution. All
pixels between the bins will be stretched to fill the 256 gray range.
N ╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ low ▓▓ high ║
P ║ bin ──┐ ▓ ▓▓▓▓ bin ║
i ║ │ ▓▓ ▓▓▓▓ │ ║
x ║ ▓ ▓ ▓▓▓▓ ▓▓▓▓ ▓ ║
e ║ ▓ ▓ ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓ ▓▓▓▓▓ ▓▓ ▓▓▓ ║
l ║ ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓║
s ╚═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
0 -------------------------127----------------------255
After Contrast Stretching the distribution will approximate this.
N ╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ ▓ ▓ ║
P ║ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ║
i ║ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ║
x ║▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓║
e ║▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓ ▓║
l ║▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓║
s ╚═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
0 -------------------------127----------------------255
When prompted "Add Contrast 1-255", select a number within that range
and both the high and low bins will be move accordingly; normally a
value between 1 and 30 will yield the best results.
Note that when you have a picture surrounded by a large "black" area,
that area may not be black BUT a very dark shade of grey resulting in
a few error-distributed patterns to appear; you must use at least a
value of "1" to equalize the grey distribution so that BLACK WILL BE
THE DARKEST COLOR and avoid error-distributed pixels in areas that are
supposed to be black.
VGA/MCGA users will have interactive feedback; they will see the
results and can abort the process; all other cards will not have this
option.
BRIGHTNESS ADJUSTMENT
When this option is selected, you will be prompted with "Adjust
Brightness (+100-)"; the brightness of all pixels will be adjusted
acoordingly. A value of "-10" will "darken" all pixels by 10% (it
will skew the distribution towards BLACK"; conversely a value of "20"
will "brighten" all pixels by 20%.
This feature is VERY IMPORTANT since what you see is normally NOT what
you get (for VGA/MCGA users); Since dot-matrix printers tend to
emphasize BLACK rather than its absence, WHITE, a picture that looks
fine on screen (VGA/MCGA users) will look much darker in print.
RESIZING OPTIONS
Whenever you select a video mode or file to be created you will see
these options (this screen shows blanks filled with examples).
Video Mode/Aspect Ratio: EGA 640x350
Image Width (pixels) : 640
Image Height (pixels) : 350
Resizing Factor (1-100): 100%
Pathname : C:\VENTURA\PCX
Filename : NONAME.PCX
Image Width and Height are set by the video mode you have chosen and
cannot be changed except when e[X]tended EGA or [S]uperVGA or [F]ile
is selected; it is automatically adjusted by the Resizing Factor.
In this example the Image Width and Height matches the full screen
since Resizing Factor is 100%; if it were 50% then each number will be
cut in half. To maintain your aspect ratios in SuperVGA or EEGA
modes, always start with a Resizing Factor of 100% then reduce it
accordingly. Saving direct to files works similarly. Video7 SuperVGA
users have a special option [7] to set SVGA modes.
When a standard video mode is selected (CGA,EGA,VGA and HGC); the
Image Height and Width will always follow what is stated in the Video
Mode/Aspect ratio line; only the Resizing Factor can be altered. To
retain an old setting, press return and the setting will remain.
OPTIMAL DITHERING
To get the BEST dither, we suggest that you experiment with a small
image (e.g., VGA at 25%) while interactively adjusting the brightness
and contrast stretching variables; you can always [R]estore Screen if
you have made "messed-up" your picture. When satisfied with the
results, you can progress to larger sizes or a LARGE file (up to 2048
x 2048 pels).
HISTOGRAM ANALYSIS
Non-VGA useers will find this function VERY useful; it gives feedback
on the quality of your picture. This function will display TWO(2)
histograms. The first, labelled "Original", is the screen that will
be restored with the [R]estore Screen function, while the second is
the "Modified" picture which reflects all the changes made.
The scales used in the histograms are based on the MODE, which is the
highest grey scale frequency in the picture; normally these are the
far bins: BLACK and WHITE. There are 64 points on the x-axis and 10
points on the y-axis. The 64 x-axis points correspond to the 64 grey
scale continuum; the entire picture is "stretched" to 256 grey shades,
which means that each point on the x-axis represents 4 grey levels.
Each point on the y-axis varies with the MODE. If the most frequent
grey shade is BLACK and 20,000 pixels (about 1/3 of the screen) is
BLACK, then each point on the y-axis will represent 2,000 pixels.
With this in mind, grey shades with less that 2,000 pixels will appear
as a "flat line". You will notice that changing the Contrast or
Brightness may make your "Modified" histogram appear as a "flat line"
with a few very high bins. You can magnify the scale (i.e, reduce the
value each y-axis point represents) by pressing the <Spc> bar. Bins
with the "┼" character show grey shades that extend beyond the MODE
(as you magnify the scale, more Bins will have this symbol).
After modifying a picture (Contrast Stretching or Brightness Skewing),
the "modified" picture may not display the full distribution since the
highest bins are so large that smaller bins come out as a "flat
line". To see more data, reduce the [B]ins and/or magnify the scale
with the <Spc> bar.
Pressing the [B]ins key option will cut the "edges" or "anchors" of
your "Modified" histogram by 1. Thus, the first time you press [B]in,
you grey scale continuuum will become a 2-62 grey scale; the next will
be 3-61 and so forth. Since pure BLACK and WHITE pixels tend to
dominate the MODE, adjusting the [B]ins will make the distribution
more viewable. Experiment freely with the scaling options; you can
always press [R]eset to start over. TEST.GIF will appear as a
"perfect binomial distribution", almost a normal curve, and is a good
picture to use in becoming familiar with Histogram Analysis.
REGISTRATION
BONUS: Registered users of VGACAD v1.4-1.5, VGA2EGA v1.0, SQZGIF
v1.0-v1.2, GIFDOT v1.0-1.3, MAC2GIF v1-2 and/or EGA2VGA
v1-3 are registered for GIFPUB. Copy your REGISTER.OVL
file into the directory of GIFPUB and it will operate as a
registered version. IF YOU HAVE NOT REGISTERED ANY OF
THESE PROGRAMS, DO SO NOW; when VGACAD v1.60 is released,
all new releases will require REGISTER.V16 to operate as a
non-shareware version.
For 19.95 (outside of U.S.A. add USD $15.00) you will be entitled to
the latest update of GIFPUB and REGISTER.V16 file (when released).
The following programs listed below are provided (latest copy or
update) to registered users. As much as possible, we are
reprogramming all utilities to work with ANY video card; programs
that, at present, work with ANY video card are: GIFPUB, GIFPUB,
EGA2VGA (v2-3), MAC2GIF and SQZGIF. We intend to modify all utilities
to have device-independent graphics capabilities (with the obvious
exception of VGACAD, VGACAP, VGA2EGA, and CGA2VGA). If you upgrade to
VGA, please inform us as soon as possible so that we may send you
VGA-dependent releases too.
* Device-independent utilities
GIFDOT - converts 256 color GIFs to B&W images of varying sizes
for printing on IBM and Epson compatible printers (separate
drivers). Several print sizes with perfect aspect ratios.
Variable Brightness and Contrast Stretching. Single or Double
pass printing. Histogram Analysis
SQZGIF - converts LARGE GIF pictures (up to 2048x2048x256) to
320x200x256 using interpolation and "color averaging" techniques
to blend/smooth "jaggies" inherent in reducing LARGE GIFS while
retaining a maximum of color information. Version 1.3 is now
300% FASTER and features the same user interface.
MAC2GIF - converts .MAC ("readmac") pictures to 5-16 grey shades
or color and saves results as .GIF or BLD/PLT file, and other
formats; graphics are viewable in VGA, MCGA or EGA - no video
card is required for direct Black & White conversion to GIF.
NEW! EGA2VGA (v2.0) - converts GIFs (16 colors and below) or ANY
VIEWABLE 2-16 color EGA/EEGA/VGA picture to 320x200x256; creates
256 new colors; outputs load directly to GIFPUB, GIFDOT, and
VGACAD. If you load converted MAC2GIF pics you can smooth and
convert Black & White images to grey shades; B&W GIFs and
captured pics will also be "smoothed" into grey shades.
* Device-dependent utilities/applications
VGA2EGA - conversion utility to convert 256 color pictures to EGA
or Extended EGA picture with "35" grey shades or any combination
of 42,875 COLORS for the BEST possible rendition of 256 color
pictures on an EGA/Extended EGA system.
VGACAD - extensive paint/image processing program for VGA/MCGA
users; v1.50 features extensive paintingcapabilities, an
integrated GIF interface, Airbrushes, color and grey image
processing functions (smoothing, noise removal, shading, contrast
stertching, edge detection, high frequency-boosting, ... more),
Bezier/spline curves, multi-featured Cut&Paste, variable sizing,
multi-directiona 256-color gradient fills, 256 color 16x16
pattern fills, and a LOT of other 256-color capabilities.
Whats next ?
SYNPCX is utility to convert dithered, monochrome .PCX (Zsoft) files
to smooth grey shades.This utility is primarily designed to convert
scanned Black & White images, saved to a .PCX file, for use image
processing with VGACAD, redithering/resizing with GIFPUB, printing
with GIFDOT, or EGA conversion with VGA2EGA. SYNPCX will be graphics
device independent (No Video Required).
VGA2EGA is being "turbo-charged" in speed and will feature error-
distributed dithering of EGA colors for a standardized 16-color
picture resulting in excellent detail retention and standardized
viewing on any EGA/EEGA system, with the greatest possible number of
colors "viewable".
On the longer term, you can expect radical changes in VGACAD. We are
also, developing VGASHW (a 256-color presentation system), VGACBT (the
PROGRAMMABLE Computer-Based Training counterpart of VGASHW) AND
MANNEQUIN (what "Weird Science" tried to do in the movie it will do on
the computer screen with potential applications for Advertising and
Fashion Design, aside from creating your own artistic nudes).
If you support maverick authors like us, we will continue to develop
innovative products like nothing seen commercially - otherwise they
will, as many (sigh!) good Shareware programs, simply "DIE" from lack
of support ! Compare the cost/benefit ratio of any of our products
with commercial products; we want to continue supporting and
developing these products. Please support the User-Supported
(Shareware) concept; you, and you alone, determine whether it will be
worthwhile to continue developing.
To register, send in the registration form and check payable to
Dr. Marvin Gozum
2 Independence Place Apt. 303-2
6th & Locust Street
Philadelphia, PA 19106
NEW! 3.5" disk users: We are now supporting this format.
If you want your updates in this format, add $10.00.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Graphics Interchange Format and GIF are trademarks (tm)
of CompuServe Inc. an H&R Block Company.